Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Normal Ranges & Blood Test Details
Definition:
A complete blood count (CBC) is a blood test used to evaluate your overall health and detect a wide range of disorders, including anemia, infections, and leukemia.
A entire blood be counted number take a look at measures numerous additives and traits of your blood, including:
Red blood cells, which carry oxygen.
White blood cells, which fight infection.
Hemoglobin, the oxygen-sporting protein in pink blood cells Hematocrit, the ratio of red blood cells to the fluid component, or plasma, of your blood Platelets, which help blood clot.
An abnormal increase or decrease in the number of cells as shown in a complete blood count may indicate that you have an underlying medical condition that needs further investigation.
A complete blood count, also known as a CBC, is an essential comprehensive blood panel that allows your doctor to evaluate every type of cell in your blood.
A CBC measures the amount of red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and platelets (PLT). Each of these types of blood cells performs an important function, so determining their levels can provide important health information.
CBC can be used to help diagnose various health conditions and also monitor how the body is affected by various diseases or medical treatments.
Results:
Complete blood count results for adults are as follows:
Red blood cell count
Male: 4.35-5.65 trillion cells/L*
(4.35-5.65 million cells/mcL**)
Women: 3.92-5.13 trillion cells/L
(3.92-5.13 million cells/mcL)
Hemoglobin:
Men: 13.2-16.6 g/dL ***
(132-166 g/L)
Women: 11.6-15 g/dL
(116-150 g/L)
Hematocrit:
Male: 38.3-48.6 percent
Women: 35.5-44.9 percent
White blood cell count:
3.4-9.6 billion cells/L
(3,400 to 9,600 cells/mcL)
Platelet count:
Male: 150-350billion/L
(150,000 to 350,000/mcL)
Females: 157-350 billion/L
(157,000 to 350,000/mcL)
* L = Liter
** MCL = Microliter
*** DL = deciliter
What does the test measure?
A CBC includes several measurements, including the number of blood cells and some of their physical characteristics. A standard CBC contains several elements related to red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, which are described in the following sections.
Get a complete blood count:
A complete blood count is ordered and performed by a licensed professional. A blood sample is taken from a vein, usually in your elbow.
Before the test
Unless otherwise specified by your provider, no special preparation is required before a complete blood count.
In some cases, a complete blood count is done along with other blood tests. When you are having multiple blood tests, your provider may ask you not to eat anything for a certain amount of time before your test.
If you have questions or concerns about preparing for a test, contact your healthcare provider for specific instructions.
During the test:
There are several steps you can expect during a needle blood draw for CBC:
A sterile alcohol wipe is used to clean your arm where the needle will be inserted. It is often either on the inside of the elbow or on the top of the hand.
A band, called a tourniquet, is tied around your upper arm to make the vein in your arm more visible and easier for the needle to pass through.
A needle is located to your vein, and a check tube connected to the needle is packed with blood.. There may be a pinch or slight pain when the needle is inserted.
After the test tube or vial is full, the needle is removed, and the test is finished.
After the test
After the needle is removed, a bandage may be located over the puncture site.
Mild bruising is a common side effect after any bleeding, while dizziness, or lightheadedness, is less common. Your provider may keep you after the blood draw to monitor you for a few minutes until they are sure you are safe to walk and/or drive. are
If you notice any other effects or signs of bleeding or infection after your blood transfusion, it is important to contact your healthcare provider immediately.
What the results might indicate?
Results in the following areas on a complete blood count may indicate a problem above or below the normal range.
Red blood cell count:
RBC hemoglobin and hematocrit. Your red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit results are related because they measure each aspect of your red blood cells. If measures in all three areas are below normal, you are anemic. Anemia causes fatigue and weakness. Anemia has many causes, including low levels of certain vitamins or iron, anemia, or an underlying condition.
A red blood cell count that is higher than normal (erythrocytosis), or a high hemoglobin or hematocrit level, may indicate an underlying medical condition, such as polycythemia vera or heart disease.
White blood cell count:
A low white blood cell count (leukopenia) can be caused by a medical condition, such as an autoimmune disorder that destroys white blood cells, bone marrow problems or cancer. Certain medications can also cause a decrease in the number of white blood cells. If your white blood mobileular remember is better than everyday, you could have an contamination or inflammation. Or, it is able to imply which you have an immune gadget sickness or bone marrow disease.
Platelet count:
A platelet remember this is decrease than everyday (thrombocytopenia) or better than everyday (thrombocytosis) is mostly a signal of an underlying clinical condition, or it could be a facet impact of medication. If your platelet remember is outdoor the everyday range, you'll probable want extra checks to diagnose the cause.
For details about what your complete blood count results mean if they are outside the normal range, talk to your doctor.
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